China foundry association executive vice President and secretary general li bo in the recently held in shandong province casting factory director (manager), said at the annual meeting of China foundry association has completed casting industry admittance system research and actively set out to try out, at the same time has begun to consider casting industry cluster development planning and casting industry "twelfth five-year" development plan.Combined with the structure of China's foundry industry, market demand and regional economic characteristics, this paper aims to cultivate and support characteristic industrial clusters in a planned and focused way, and explore a new way for China's foundry industry to become stronger from a big one.Precision casting

Status quo of foundry industry cluster

Industrial cluster is to point to in certain areas, has the competitive and cooperative relations, and geographically concentrated, have interactive correlation between enterprises, specialized suppliers, service providers, financial institutions and related industry manufacturers, and other relevant agencies, including due to stretching involves the external research institutions and intellectual institutions, services and support organization, etc. 

"The deepening of division of labor among enterprises in the industrial cluster can effectively promote the development of enterprises, improve transaction efficiency, reduce transaction costs, and form regional brands.Many modern foundry industrial parks have appeared in the world.For example, the foundry industrial park in Los Angeles has an annual output of 600,000 tons and an output value of 5.5 billion us dollars.There are many small and medium-sized foundry enterprises in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, which are often in the form of clusters. They can share logistics system, testing center, information center and development center, etc.Zhang libo said. 

At present, there are nearly 300 casting characteristic industry clusters in China, most of which are coordinated with regional economic development and adapt to the characteristic economic circle. Among them, the casting industry in the bohai rim region and the Yangtze river delta region is relatively concentrated.The five major provinces and regions around bohai sea, including Beijing, tianjin, liaoning, hebei and shandong, have high concentration of casting industry, good basic conditions and development trend of casting industry.There are nearly 8,000 enterprises, accounting for 26.7% of China's total.The number of employees is 433,000, accounting for 22.8 percent of China's total.Yangtze river delta region, Shanghai, jiangsu, zhejiang, anhui, the area has a large number of enterprises above the scale, has a high degree of concentration of casting industry, casting industry basic conditions and development trend is good.The casting output reached 8.65 million tons, accounting for 25.8% of the national total output.Nearly 6,300 enterprises, accounting for 20.8% of China's total.It employs nearly 740,000 people, 39 percent of the country's total. 

Shandong is a big foundry province in China, with the second largest annual output in China.According to liu weidong, President of shandong machinery industry association, the annual output of castings in shandong province in 2008 reached more than 3.5 million tons.The products are mainly used in automobile, motorcycle, ship, machine tool, general machinery, engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, construction machinery, electric power, metallurgy, chemical industry, municipal engineering and other equipment industries.According to the casting industry adjust the revitalization of guidance in shandong province, shandong province will focus on cultivating chapter grave MingShui industrial heavy duty truck, fan and nonferrous alloy casting industry cluster, longkou and export brake disc industry cluster in laizhou, pingdu and dongying area production and equipment of precision casting industry cluster, changyi city xujiaweizi town casting park, jiaozhou regions make application in industrial cluster, zouping manufacturing industry cluster steel shot and steel grit and qingzhou region supply industry clusters of foundry pig iron. 

It is preliminarily envisaged that the output of China's foundry industry has been ranked first in the world for 9 consecutive years. In 2008, the annual output of China's foundry industry was 33.5 million tons, about three times of the total output of the United States, the second place. 

"" to casting industrial park, casting industry gathering area as the carrier, access system for the gripper in the casting industry, supported by science and technology, the combination of market allocation and government guidance, give full play to regional advantages and resources advantages, to achieve regional advantage complementary and cluster efficiency of foundry industry, promoting lean management, technological progress and product upgrading, promote energy conservation and emissions reduction and optimize the utilization of resources, insist on paying equal attention to economic benefit and social benefit, resource saving and environmental friendly, high benefit, the road of sustainable development of social harmonious' of China foundry industry is China foundry association put forward the implementation of the strategic moves by the big teams."Zhang libo said. 

According to the conception of foundry association, the first is to define the overall planning and layout of China's foundry industry.Its system framework including casting raw and auxiliary materials industry cluster, casting equipment, characteristic of industrial cluster process of casting products and casting industry cluster of regional industry cluster, characteristic, education training base in foundry industry, industry chain extension of related industrial cluster, casting r&d center and casting professional exhibition and adds casting from eight aspects, such as cultural industry focus on cultivating features, support the construction and development of industrial cluster. 

The second is to develop the service support system of foundry industry cluster construction.The service support system shall improve casting research and development center, physical and chemical testing center, casting equipment maintenance center, information consulting service center, casting raw and auxiliary material logistics center, casting industry training center, financing service center for small and medium-sized enterprises and metal liquid short flow supply center. 

The third is to strengthen the construction of foundry pig iron base and optimize the foundry industry cluster."Short process technology is one of the important promoting the optimization of the technology of casting association, the so-called" short process "casting process, is to use the blast furnace of iron liquid injected directly into the furnace temperature and adjust the composition, pouring castings after modification treatment, saves with the pig iron again remelting process of iron liquid, is a kind of energy saving, high efficiency, cost reduction method for casting production.The "short flow" process has been well applied in shandong and other provinces. In the 72 pilot enterprises of national high-quality foundry pig iron base announced not long ago, the number of shandong enterprises adopting the "short flow" reached 12. 

The combination of access and adjustment

According to zhang libo, no matter in improving the independent innovation ability of foundry enterprises, or in vigorously developing the circular economy of foundry enterprises, if the current situation of large number, small scale and disorderly competition of foundry enterprises in China is maintained, it is impossible to achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction.Therefore, from now on to 2020, China's foundry enterprises should be reduced from more than 30,000 to 10,000 or less.To achieve this goal, one is to rely on market competition survival of the fittest;Second, by policy guidance, actively implement the foundry industry access system. 

China foundry association preliminary study put forward a total of 20 access conditions, the main content is divided into three parts.First, the purpose and significance of establishing "access conditions" and the main ways to guide enterprises to achieve access conditions;Second, some specific standards of access conditions;Third, implementation and supervision. 

Access conditions emphasize the enterprise scale, casting method and technology, casting equipment, casting quality, energy consumption, waste discharge and treatment, and labor protection. 

Zhang libo explained that the size of the enterprise is the first condition of access, in line with the new foundry enterprises need a high starting point, so there is a higher threshold for the size of the new enterprise.The scale measurement index is based on the capacity, and only the sand mold casting process (accounting for more than 80% of China's total casting output) and centrifugal casting process of the enterprise scale is specified.The foundry enterprises are encouraged to select advanced casting technology suitable for their conditions and casting requirements according to the products they produce, and the clay sand dry casting technology with low production efficiency, poor casting quality and serious environmental pollution is listed as the only technology that should be eliminated.As for casting equipment, the equipment capacity that casting enterprises must achieve is defined qualitatively, and smelting equipment is emphasized, because the melting process of metal liquid accounts for the largest proportion of energy consumption in casting enterprises, and the emission of soot and exhaust gas is also the most serious problem.The casting quality should be controlled by process control, and the casting quality should meet the corresponding standard.As for energy consumption, the maximum energy consumption index of smelting equipment such as cupola and induction furnace is stipulated in the condition.Waste discharge and management, and labor protection conditions are in accordance with the country has promulgated the relevant laws, regulations and standards to determine. 

According to li bo, the state ministry of industry and information technology China foundry association authorized inspection and specify a number of local foundry association is responsible for local enterprise meets the requirements for evaluation, at the same time, China foundry association on December 20, 2009, in the national ministry of industry policy department officially declared "a major policy issue for casting industry development research" project, and began working on the relevant detailed rules for the implementation of the drafting divisions access requirements.